Goldenhar Syndrome – A Literature Review

Golden har syndrome is a hereditary condition which is characterized by preauricular appendages, fistulas, and epibulbar dermoids. It not only involves the facial structures, but also includes renal, genitourinary, cardiac, and skeletal anomalies. The aetiology of the syndrome is not fully understood however many hypothesis have been proposed and described. The incidence varies from 1 in 3,500 to 1 in 5,600 live births. Males are more commonly affected by the syndrome than females, the ratio being 3:2. It can be both unilateral and bilateral, however involvement of the right ear is more common. The diagnosis should be based on the clinical aspect of the syndrome which should further be associated with radiological findings and systemic conditions. For diagnosisto be confirmed the subject should at least have microtia and preauricular, or auricular abnormalities. Treatment of deformities requiresmultiple procedures performed by a multidisciplinaryteam of doctors, and a long-term regular follow-up is also important tomonitor the growth and development of the patient.